bbf6d9b026
Bugfix for feeds
- removed categories related and up
- load new books now working
- category random now working
login page is free of non accessible elements
boolean custom column is vivible in UI
books with only with certain languages can be shown
book shelfs can be deleted from UI
Anonymous user view is more resticted
Added browse of series in sidebar
Dependencys in vendor folder are updated to newer versions (licencs files are now present)
Bugfix editing Authors names
Made upload on windows working
795 lines
27 KiB
Python
795 lines
27 KiB
Python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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"""
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werkzeug.contrib.cache
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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The main problem with dynamic Web sites is, well, they're dynamic. Each
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time a user requests a page, the webserver executes a lot of code, queries
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the database, renders templates until the visitor gets the page he sees.
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This is a lot more expensive than just loading a file from the file system
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and sending it to the visitor.
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For most Web applications, this overhead isn't a big deal but once it
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becomes, you will be glad to have a cache system in place.
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How Caching Works
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=================
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Caching is pretty simple. Basically you have a cache object lurking around
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somewhere that is connected to a remote cache or the file system or
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something else. When the request comes in you check if the current page
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is already in the cache and if so, you're returning it from the cache.
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Otherwise you generate the page and put it into the cache. (Or a fragment
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of the page, you don't have to cache the full thing)
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Here is a simple example of how to cache a sidebar for a template::
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def get_sidebar(user):
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identifier = 'sidebar_for/user%d' % user.id
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value = cache.get(identifier)
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if value is not None:
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return value
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value = generate_sidebar_for(user=user)
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cache.set(identifier, value, timeout=60 * 5)
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return value
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Creating a Cache Object
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=======================
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To create a cache object you just import the cache system of your choice
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from the cache module and instantiate it. Then you can start working
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with that object:
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>>> from werkzeug.contrib.cache import SimpleCache
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>>> c = SimpleCache()
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>>> c.set("foo", "value")
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>>> c.get("foo")
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'value'
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>>> c.get("missing") is None
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True
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Please keep in mind that you have to create the cache and put it somewhere
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you have access to it (either as a module global you can import or you just
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put it into your WSGI application).
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:copyright: (c) 2014 by the Werkzeug Team, see AUTHORS for more details.
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:license: BSD, see LICENSE for more details.
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"""
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import os
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import re
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import errno
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import tempfile
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from hashlib import md5
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from time import time
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try:
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import cPickle as pickle
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except ImportError: # pragma: no cover
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import pickle
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from werkzeug._compat import iteritems, string_types, text_type, \
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integer_types, to_native
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from werkzeug.posixemulation import rename
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def _items(mappingorseq):
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"""Wrapper for efficient iteration over mappings represented by dicts
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or sequences::
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>>> for k, v in _items((i, i*i) for i in xrange(5)):
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... assert k*k == v
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>>> for k, v in _items(dict((i, i*i) for i in xrange(5))):
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... assert k*k == v
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"""
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if hasattr(mappingorseq, 'items'):
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return iteritems(mappingorseq)
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return mappingorseq
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class BaseCache(object):
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"""Baseclass for the cache systems. All the cache systems implement this
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API or a superset of it.
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:param default_timeout: the default timeout (in seconds) that is used if no
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timeout is specified on :meth:`set`. A timeout of 0
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indicates that the cache never expires.
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"""
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def __init__(self, default_timeout=300):
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self.default_timeout = default_timeout
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def get(self, key):
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"""Look up key in the cache and return the value for it.
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:param key: the key to be looked up.
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:returns: The value if it exists and is readable, else ``None``.
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"""
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return None
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def delete(self, key):
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"""Delete `key` from the cache.
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:param key: the key to delete.
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:returns: Whether the key existed and has been deleted.
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:rtype: boolean
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"""
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return True
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def get_many(self, *keys):
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"""Returns a list of values for the given keys.
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For each key a item in the list is created::
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foo, bar = cache.get_many("foo", "bar")
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Has the same error handling as :meth:`get`.
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:param keys: The function accepts multiple keys as positional
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arguments.
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"""
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return map(self.get, keys)
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def get_dict(self, *keys):
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"""Like :meth:`get_many` but return a dict::
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d = cache.get_dict("foo", "bar")
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foo = d["foo"]
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bar = d["bar"]
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:param keys: The function accepts multiple keys as positional
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arguments.
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"""
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return dict(zip(keys, self.get_many(*keys)))
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def set(self, key, value, timeout=None):
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"""Add a new key/value to the cache (overwrites value, if key already
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exists in the cache).
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:param key: the key to set
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:param value: the value for the key
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:param timeout: the cache timeout for the key (if not specified,
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it uses the default timeout). A timeout of 0 idicates
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that the cache never expires.
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:returns: ``True`` if key has been updated, ``False`` for backend
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errors. Pickling errors, however, will raise a subclass of
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``pickle.PickleError``.
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:rtype: boolean
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"""
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return True
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def add(self, key, value, timeout=None):
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"""Works like :meth:`set` but does not overwrite the values of already
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existing keys.
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:param key: the key to set
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:param value: the value for the key
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:param timeout: the cache timeout for the key or the default
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timeout if not specified. A timeout of 0 indicates
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that the cache never expires.
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:returns: Same as :meth:`set`, but also ``False`` for already
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existing keys.
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:rtype: boolean
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"""
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return True
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def set_many(self, mapping, timeout=None):
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"""Sets multiple keys and values from a mapping.
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:param mapping: a mapping with the keys/values to set.
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:param timeout: the cache timeout for the key (if not specified,
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it uses the default timeout). A timeout of 0
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indicates tht the cache never expires.
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:returns: Whether all given keys have been set.
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:rtype: boolean
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"""
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rv = True
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for key, value in _items(mapping):
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if not self.set(key, value, timeout):
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rv = False
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return rv
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def delete_many(self, *keys):
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"""Deletes multiple keys at once.
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:param keys: The function accepts multiple keys as positional
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arguments.
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:returns: Whether all given keys have been deleted.
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:rtype: boolean
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"""
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return all(self.delete(key) for key in keys)
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def has(self, key):
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"""Checks if a key exists in the cache without returning it. This is a
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cheap operation that bypasses loading the actual data on the backend.
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This method is optional and may not be implemented on all caches.
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:param key: the key to check
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"""
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raise NotImplementedError(
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'%s doesn\'t have an efficient implementation of `has`. That '
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'means it is impossible to check whether a key exists without '
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'fully loading the key\'s data. Consider using `self.get` '
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'explicitly if you don\'t care about performance.'
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)
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def clear(self):
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"""Clears the cache. Keep in mind that not all caches support
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completely clearing the cache.
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:returns: Whether the cache has been cleared.
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:rtype: boolean
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"""
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return True
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def inc(self, key, delta=1):
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"""Increments the value of a key by `delta`. If the key does
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not yet exist it is initialized with `delta`.
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For supporting caches this is an atomic operation.
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:param key: the key to increment.
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:param delta: the delta to add.
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:returns: The new value or ``None`` for backend errors.
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"""
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value = (self.get(key) or 0) + delta
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return value if self.set(key, value) else None
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def dec(self, key, delta=1):
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"""Decrements the value of a key by `delta`. If the key does
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not yet exist it is initialized with `-delta`.
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For supporting caches this is an atomic operation.
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:param key: the key to increment.
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:param delta: the delta to subtract.
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:returns: The new value or `None` for backend errors.
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"""
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value = (self.get(key) or 0) - delta
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return value if self.set(key, value) else None
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class NullCache(BaseCache):
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"""A cache that doesn't cache. This can be useful for unit testing.
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:param default_timeout: a dummy parameter that is ignored but exists
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for API compatibility with other caches.
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"""
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class SimpleCache(BaseCache):
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"""Simple memory cache for single process environments. This class exists
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mainly for the development server and is not 100% thread safe. It tries
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to use as many atomic operations as possible and no locks for simplicity
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but it could happen under heavy load that keys are added multiple times.
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:param threshold: the maximum number of items the cache stores before
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it starts deleting some.
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:param default_timeout: the default timeout that is used if no timeout is
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specified on :meth:`~BaseCache.set`. A timeout of
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0 indicates that the cache never expires.
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"""
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def __init__(self, threshold=500, default_timeout=300):
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BaseCache.__init__(self, default_timeout)
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self._cache = {}
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self.clear = self._cache.clear
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self._threshold = threshold
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def _prune(self):
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if len(self._cache) > self._threshold:
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now = time()
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toremove = []
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for idx, (key, (expires, _)) in enumerate(self._cache.items()):
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if (expires != 0 and expires <= now) or idx % 3 == 0:
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toremove.append(key)
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for key in toremove:
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self._cache.pop(key, None)
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def _get_expiration(self, timeout):
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if timeout is None:
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timeout = self.default_timeout
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if timeout > 0:
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timeout = time() + timeout
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return timeout
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def get(self, key):
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try:
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expires, value = self._cache[key]
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if expires == 0 or expires > time():
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return pickle.loads(value)
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except (KeyError, pickle.PickleError):
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return None
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def set(self, key, value, timeout=None):
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expires = self._get_expiration(timeout)
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self._prune()
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self._cache[key] = (expires, pickle.dumps(value,
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pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL))
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return True
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def add(self, key, value, timeout=None):
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expires = self._get_expiration(timeout)
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self._prune()
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item = (expires, pickle.dumps(value,
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pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL))
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if key in self._cache:
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return False
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self._cache.setdefault(key, item)
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return True
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def delete(self, key):
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return self._cache.pop(key, None) is not None
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def has(self, key):
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try:
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expires, value = self._cache[key]
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return expires == 0 or expires > time()
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except KeyError:
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return False
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_test_memcached_key = re.compile(r'[^\x00-\x21\xff]{1,250}$').match
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class MemcachedCache(BaseCache):
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"""A cache that uses memcached as backend.
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The first argument can either be an object that resembles the API of a
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:class:`memcache.Client` or a tuple/list of server addresses. In the
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event that a tuple/list is passed, Werkzeug tries to import the best
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available memcache library.
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This cache looks into the following packages/modules to find bindings for
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memcached:
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- ``pylibmc``
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- ``google.appengine.api.memcached``
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- ``memcached``
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Implementation notes: This cache backend works around some limitations in
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memcached to simplify the interface. For example unicode keys are encoded
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to utf-8 on the fly. Methods such as :meth:`~BaseCache.get_dict` return
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the keys in the same format as passed. Furthermore all get methods
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silently ignore key errors to not cause problems when untrusted user data
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is passed to the get methods which is often the case in web applications.
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:param servers: a list or tuple of server addresses or alternatively
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a :class:`memcache.Client` or a compatible client.
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:param default_timeout: the default timeout that is used if no timeout is
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specified on :meth:`~BaseCache.set`. A timeout of
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0 indicates taht the cache never expires.
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:param key_prefix: a prefix that is added before all keys. This makes it
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possible to use the same memcached server for different
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applications. Keep in mind that
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:meth:`~BaseCache.clear` will also clear keys with a
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different prefix.
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"""
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def __init__(self, servers=None, default_timeout=300, key_prefix=None):
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BaseCache.__init__(self, default_timeout)
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if servers is None or isinstance(servers, (list, tuple)):
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if servers is None:
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servers = ['127.0.0.1:11211']
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self._client = self.import_preferred_memcache_lib(servers)
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if self._client is None:
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raise RuntimeError('no memcache module found')
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else:
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# NOTE: servers is actually an already initialized memcache
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# client.
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self._client = servers
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self.key_prefix = to_native(key_prefix)
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def _normalize_key(self, key):
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key = to_native(key, 'utf-8')
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if self.key_prefix:
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key = self.key_prefix + key
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return key
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def _normalize_timeout(self, timeout):
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if timeout is None:
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timeout = self.default_timeout
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if timeout > 0:
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timeout = int(time()) + timeout
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return timeout
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def get(self, key):
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key = self._normalize_key(key)
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# memcached doesn't support keys longer than that. Because often
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# checks for so long keys can occur because it's tested from user
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# submitted data etc we fail silently for getting.
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if _test_memcached_key(key):
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return self._client.get(key)
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def get_dict(self, *keys):
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key_mapping = {}
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have_encoded_keys = False
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for key in keys:
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encoded_key = self._normalize_key(key)
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if not isinstance(key, str):
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have_encoded_keys = True
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if _test_memcached_key(key):
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key_mapping[encoded_key] = key
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d = rv = self._client.get_multi(key_mapping.keys())
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if have_encoded_keys or self.key_prefix:
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rv = {}
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for key, value in iteritems(d):
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rv[key_mapping[key]] = value
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if len(rv) < len(keys):
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for key in keys:
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if key not in rv:
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rv[key] = None
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return rv
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def add(self, key, value, timeout=None):
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key = self._normalize_key(key)
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timeout = self._normalize_timeout(timeout)
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return self._client.add(key, value, timeout)
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def set(self, key, value, timeout=None):
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key = self._normalize_key(key)
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timeout = self._normalize_timeout(timeout)
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return self._client.set(key, value, timeout)
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def get_many(self, *keys):
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d = self.get_dict(*keys)
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return [d[key] for key in keys]
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def set_many(self, mapping, timeout=None):
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new_mapping = {}
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for key, value in _items(mapping):
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key = self._normalize_key(key)
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new_mapping[key] = value
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timeout = self._normalize_timeout(timeout)
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failed_keys = self._client.set_multi(new_mapping, timeout)
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return not failed_keys
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def delete(self, key):
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key = self._normalize_key(key)
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if _test_memcached_key(key):
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return self._client.delete(key)
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def delete_many(self, *keys):
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new_keys = []
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for key in keys:
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key = self._normalize_key(key)
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if _test_memcached_key(key):
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new_keys.append(key)
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return self._client.delete_multi(new_keys)
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|
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def has(self, key):
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key = self._normalize_key(key)
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if _test_memcached_key(key):
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return self._client.append(key, '')
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return False
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|
|
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def clear(self):
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return self._client.flush_all()
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|
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def inc(self, key, delta=1):
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key = self._normalize_key(key)
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return self._client.incr(key, delta)
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def dec(self, key, delta=1):
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key = self._normalize_key(key)
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return self._client.decr(key, delta)
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|
|
|
def import_preferred_memcache_lib(self, servers):
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|
"""Returns an initialized memcache client. Used by the constructor."""
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|
try:
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import pylibmc
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|
except ImportError:
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pass
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|
else:
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return pylibmc.Client(servers)
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|
|
|
try:
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from google.appengine.api import memcache
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|
except ImportError:
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|
pass
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|
else:
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return memcache.Client()
|
|
|
|
try:
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import memcache
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|
except ImportError:
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pass
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|
else:
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return memcache.Client(servers)
|
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|
|
|
|
# backwards compatibility
|
|
GAEMemcachedCache = MemcachedCache
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|
|
|
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class RedisCache(BaseCache):
|
|
|
|
"""Uses the Redis key-value store as a cache backend.
|
|
|
|
The first argument can be either a string denoting address of the Redis
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|
server or an object resembling an instance of a redis.Redis class.
|
|
|
|
Note: Python Redis API already takes care of encoding unicode strings on
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the fly.
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 0.7
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 0.8
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|
`key_prefix` was added.
|
|
|
|
.. versionchanged:: 0.8
|
|
This cache backend now properly serializes objects.
|
|
|
|
.. versionchanged:: 0.8.3
|
|
This cache backend now supports password authentication.
|
|
|
|
.. versionchanged:: 0.10
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|
``**kwargs`` is now passed to the redis object.
|
|
|
|
:param host: address of the Redis server or an object which API is
|
|
compatible with the official Python Redis client (redis-py).
|
|
:param port: port number on which Redis server listens for connections.
|
|
:param password: password authentication for the Redis server.
|
|
:param db: db (zero-based numeric index) on Redis Server to connect.
|
|
:param default_timeout: the default timeout that is used if no timeout is
|
|
specified on :meth:`~BaseCache.set`. A timeout of
|
|
0 indicates that the cache never expires.
|
|
:param key_prefix: A prefix that should be added to all keys.
|
|
|
|
Any additional keyword arguments will be passed to ``redis.Redis``.
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
def __init__(self, host='localhost', port=6379, password=None,
|
|
db=0, default_timeout=300, key_prefix=None, **kwargs):
|
|
BaseCache.__init__(self, default_timeout)
|
|
if isinstance(host, string_types):
|
|
try:
|
|
import redis
|
|
except ImportError:
|
|
raise RuntimeError('no redis module found')
|
|
if kwargs.get('decode_responses', None):
|
|
raise ValueError('decode_responses is not supported by '
|
|
'RedisCache.')
|
|
self._client = redis.Redis(host=host, port=port, password=password,
|
|
db=db, **kwargs)
|
|
else:
|
|
self._client = host
|
|
self.key_prefix = key_prefix or ''
|
|
|
|
def _get_expiration(self, timeout):
|
|
if timeout is None:
|
|
timeout = self.default_timeout
|
|
if timeout == 0:
|
|
timeout = -1
|
|
return timeout
|
|
|
|
def dump_object(self, value):
|
|
"""Dumps an object into a string for redis. By default it serializes
|
|
integers as regular string and pickle dumps everything else.
|
|
"""
|
|
t = type(value)
|
|
if t in integer_types:
|
|
return str(value).encode('ascii')
|
|
return b'!' + pickle.dumps(value)
|
|
|
|
def load_object(self, value):
|
|
"""The reversal of :meth:`dump_object`. This might be called with
|
|
None.
|
|
"""
|
|
if value is None:
|
|
return None
|
|
if value.startswith(b'!'):
|
|
try:
|
|
return pickle.loads(value[1:])
|
|
except pickle.PickleError:
|
|
return None
|
|
try:
|
|
return int(value)
|
|
except ValueError:
|
|
# before 0.8 we did not have serialization. Still support that.
|
|
return value
|
|
|
|
def get(self, key):
|
|
return self.load_object(self._client.get(self.key_prefix + key))
|
|
|
|
def get_many(self, *keys):
|
|
if self.key_prefix:
|
|
keys = [self.key_prefix + key for key in keys]
|
|
return [self.load_object(x) for x in self._client.mget(keys)]
|
|
|
|
def set(self, key, value, timeout=None):
|
|
timeout = self._get_expiration(timeout)
|
|
dump = self.dump_object(value)
|
|
if timeout == -1:
|
|
result = self._client.set(name=self.key_prefix + key,
|
|
value=dump)
|
|
else:
|
|
result = self._client.setex(name=self.key_prefix + key,
|
|
value=dump, time=timeout)
|
|
return result
|
|
|
|
def add(self, key, value, timeout=None):
|
|
timeout = self._get_expiration(timeout)
|
|
dump = self.dump_object(value)
|
|
return (
|
|
self._client.setnx(name=self.key_prefix + key, value=dump) and
|
|
self._client.expire(name=self.key_prefix + key, time=timeout)
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
def set_many(self, mapping, timeout=None):
|
|
timeout = self._get_expiration(timeout)
|
|
# Use transaction=False to batch without calling redis MULTI
|
|
# which is not supported by twemproxy
|
|
pipe = self._client.pipeline(transaction=False)
|
|
|
|
for key, value in _items(mapping):
|
|
dump = self.dump_object(value)
|
|
if timeout == -1:
|
|
pipe.set(name=self.key_prefix + key, value=dump)
|
|
else:
|
|
pipe.setex(name=self.key_prefix + key, value=dump,
|
|
time=timeout)
|
|
return pipe.execute()
|
|
|
|
def delete(self, key):
|
|
return self._client.delete(self.key_prefix + key)
|
|
|
|
def delete_many(self, *keys):
|
|
if not keys:
|
|
return
|
|
if self.key_prefix:
|
|
keys = [self.key_prefix + key for key in keys]
|
|
return self._client.delete(*keys)
|
|
|
|
def has(self, key):
|
|
return self._client.exists(self.key_prefix + key)
|
|
|
|
def clear(self):
|
|
status = False
|
|
if self.key_prefix:
|
|
keys = self._client.keys(self.key_prefix + '*')
|
|
if keys:
|
|
status = self._client.delete(*keys)
|
|
else:
|
|
status = self._client.flushdb()
|
|
return status
|
|
|
|
def inc(self, key, delta=1):
|
|
return self._client.incr(name=self.key_prefix + key, amount=delta)
|
|
|
|
def dec(self, key, delta=1):
|
|
return self._client.decr(name=self.key_prefix + key, amount=delta)
|
|
|
|
|
|
class FileSystemCache(BaseCache):
|
|
|
|
"""A cache that stores the items on the file system. This cache depends
|
|
on being the only user of the `cache_dir`. Make absolutely sure that
|
|
nobody but this cache stores files there or otherwise the cache will
|
|
randomly delete files therein.
|
|
|
|
:param cache_dir: the directory where cache files are stored.
|
|
:param threshold: the maximum number of items the cache stores before
|
|
it starts deleting some.
|
|
:param default_timeout: the default timeout that is used if no timeout is
|
|
specified on :meth:`~BaseCache.set`. A timeout of
|
|
0 indicates that the cache never expires.
|
|
:param mode: the file mode wanted for the cache files, default 0600
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
#: used for temporary files by the FileSystemCache
|
|
_fs_transaction_suffix = '.__wz_cache'
|
|
|
|
def __init__(self, cache_dir, threshold=500, default_timeout=300,
|
|
mode=0o600):
|
|
BaseCache.__init__(self, default_timeout)
|
|
self._path = cache_dir
|
|
self._threshold = threshold
|
|
self._mode = mode
|
|
|
|
try:
|
|
os.makedirs(self._path)
|
|
except OSError as ex:
|
|
if ex.errno != errno.EEXIST:
|
|
raise
|
|
|
|
def _list_dir(self):
|
|
"""return a list of (fully qualified) cache filenames
|
|
"""
|
|
return [os.path.join(self._path, fn) for fn in os.listdir(self._path)
|
|
if not fn.endswith(self._fs_transaction_suffix)]
|
|
|
|
def _prune(self):
|
|
entries = self._list_dir()
|
|
if len(entries) > self._threshold:
|
|
now = time()
|
|
try:
|
|
for idx, fname in enumerate(entries):
|
|
remove = False
|
|
with open(fname, 'rb') as f:
|
|
expires = pickle.load(f)
|
|
remove = (expires != 0 and expires <= now) or idx % 3 == 0
|
|
|
|
if remove:
|
|
os.remove(fname)
|
|
except (IOError, OSError):
|
|
pass
|
|
|
|
def clear(self):
|
|
for fname in self._list_dir():
|
|
try:
|
|
os.remove(fname)
|
|
except (IOError, OSError):
|
|
return False
|
|
return True
|
|
|
|
def _get_filename(self, key):
|
|
if isinstance(key, text_type):
|
|
key = key.encode('utf-8') # XXX unicode review
|
|
hash = md5(key).hexdigest()
|
|
return os.path.join(self._path, hash)
|
|
|
|
def get(self, key):
|
|
filename = self._get_filename(key)
|
|
try:
|
|
with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
|
|
pickle_time = pickle.load(f)
|
|
if pickle_time == 0 or pickle_time >= time():
|
|
return pickle.load(f)
|
|
else:
|
|
os.remove(filename)
|
|
return None
|
|
except (IOError, OSError, pickle.PickleError):
|
|
return None
|
|
|
|
def add(self, key, value, timeout=None):
|
|
filename = self._get_filename(key)
|
|
if not os.path.exists(filename):
|
|
return self.set(key, value, timeout)
|
|
return False
|
|
|
|
def set(self, key, value, timeout=None):
|
|
if timeout is None:
|
|
timeout = int(time() + self.default_timeout)
|
|
elif timeout != 0:
|
|
timeout = int(time() + timeout)
|
|
filename = self._get_filename(key)
|
|
self._prune()
|
|
try:
|
|
fd, tmp = tempfile.mkstemp(suffix=self._fs_transaction_suffix,
|
|
dir=self._path)
|
|
with os.fdopen(fd, 'wb') as f:
|
|
pickle.dump(timeout, f, 1)
|
|
pickle.dump(value, f, pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)
|
|
rename(tmp, filename)
|
|
os.chmod(filename, self._mode)
|
|
except (IOError, OSError):
|
|
return False
|
|
else:
|
|
return True
|
|
|
|
def delete(self, key):
|
|
try:
|
|
os.remove(self._get_filename(key))
|
|
except (IOError, OSError):
|
|
return False
|
|
else:
|
|
return True
|
|
|
|
def has(self, key):
|
|
filename = self._get_filename(key)
|
|
try:
|
|
with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
|
|
pickle_time = pickle.load(f)
|
|
if pickle_time == 0 or pickle_time >= time():
|
|
return True
|
|
else:
|
|
os.remove(filename)
|
|
return False
|
|
except (IOError, OSError, pickle.PickleError):
|
|
return False
|