diff --git a/app/Entities/Tools/PageContent.php b/app/Entities/Tools/PageContent.php
index 3e75bd5bb..7f4d695fe 100644
--- a/app/Entities/Tools/PageContent.php
+++ b/app/Entities/Tools/PageContent.php
@@ -275,21 +275,33 @@ class PageContent
      */
     public function render(bool $blankIncludes = false): string
     {
-        $content = $this->page->html ?? '';
+        $html = $this->page->html ?? '';
+
+        if (empty($html)) {
+            return $html;
+        }
+
+        $doc = new HtmlDocument($html);
+
+        $contentProvider = function (int $id) use ($blankIncludes) {
+            if ($blankIncludes) {
+                return '';
+            }
+            return Page::visible()->find($id)->html ?? '';
+        };
+
+        $parser = new PageIncludeParser($doc, $contentProvider);
+        $nodesAdded = 1;
+
+        for ($includeDepth = 0; $includeDepth < 3 && $nodesAdded !== 0; $includeDepth++) {
+            $nodesAdded = $parser->parse();
+        }
 
         if (!config('app.allow_content_scripts')) {
-            $content = HtmlContentFilter::removeScripts($content);
+            HtmlContentFilter::removeScriptsFromDocument($doc);
         }
 
-        if ($blankIncludes) {
-            $content = $this->blankPageIncludes($content);
-        } else {
-            for ($includeDepth = 0; $includeDepth < 3; $includeDepth++) {
-                $content = $this->parsePageIncludes($content);
-            }
-        }
-
-        return $content;
+        return $doc->getBodyInnerHtml();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -337,83 +349,4 @@ class PageContent
 
         return $tree->toArray();
     }
-
-    /**
-     * Remove any page include tags within the given HTML.
-     */
-    protected function blankPageIncludes(string $html): string
-    {
-        return preg_replace("/{{@\s?([0-9].*?)}}/", '', $html);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Parse any include tags "{{@<page_id>#section}}" to be part of the page.
-     */
-    protected function parsePageIncludes(string $html): string
-    {
-        $matches = [];
-        preg_match_all("/{{@\s?([0-9].*?)}}/", $html, $matches);
-
-        foreach ($matches[1] as $index => $includeId) {
-            $fullMatch = $matches[0][$index];
-            $splitInclude = explode('#', $includeId, 2);
-
-            // Get page id from reference
-            $pageId = intval($splitInclude[0]);
-            if (is_nan($pageId)) {
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            // Find page to use, and default replacement to empty string for non-matches.
-            /** @var ?Page $matchedPage */
-            $matchedPage = Page::visible()->find($pageId);
-            $replacement = '';
-
-            if ($matchedPage && count($splitInclude) === 1) {
-                // If we only have page id, just insert all page html and continue.
-                $replacement = $matchedPage->html;
-            } elseif ($matchedPage && count($splitInclude) > 1) {
-                // Otherwise, if our include tag defines a section, load that specific content
-                $innerContent = $this->fetchSectionOfPage($matchedPage, $splitInclude[1]);
-                $replacement = trim($innerContent);
-            }
-
-            $themeReplacement = Theme::dispatch(
-                ThemeEvents::PAGE_INCLUDE_PARSE,
-                $includeId,
-                $replacement,
-                clone $this->page,
-                $matchedPage ? (clone $matchedPage) : null,
-            );
-
-            // Perform the content replacement
-            $html = str_replace($fullMatch, $themeReplacement ?? $replacement, $html);
-        }
-
-        return $html;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Fetch the content from a specific section of the given page.
-     */
-    protected function fetchSectionOfPage(Page $page, string $sectionId): string
-    {
-        $topLevelTags = ['table', 'ul', 'ol', 'pre'];
-        $doc = new HtmlDocument($page->html);
-
-        // Search included content for the id given and blank out if not exists.
-        $matchingElem = $doc->getElementById($sectionId);
-        if ($matchingElem === null) {
-            return '';
-        }
-
-        // Otherwise replace the content with the found content
-        // Checks if the top-level wrapper should be included by matching on tag types
-        $isTopLevel = in_array(strtolower($matchingElem->nodeName), $topLevelTags);
-        if ($isTopLevel) {
-            return $doc->getNodeOuterHtml($matchingElem);
-        }
-
-        return $doc->getNodeInnerHtml($matchingElem);
-    }
 }
diff --git a/app/Entities/Tools/PageIncludeContent.php b/app/Entities/Tools/PageIncludeContent.php
index 97c470c68..2e173859d 100644
--- a/app/Entities/Tools/PageIncludeContent.php
+++ b/app/Entities/Tools/PageIncludeContent.php
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class PageIncludeContent
      */
     protected array $contents = [];
 
-    protected bool $isTopLevel;
+    protected bool $isTopLevel = false;
 
     public function __construct(
         string $html,
diff --git a/app/Entities/Tools/PageIncludeParser.php b/app/Entities/Tools/PageIncludeParser.php
index e55fc22c7..660c60372 100644
--- a/app/Entities/Tools/PageIncludeParser.php
+++ b/app/Entities/Tools/PageIncludeParser.php
@@ -20,19 +20,19 @@ class PageIncludeParser
     protected array $toCleanup = [];
 
     public function __construct(
-        protected string $pageHtml,
+        protected HtmlDocument $doc,
         protected Closure $pageContentForId,
     ) {
     }
 
     /**
      * Parse out the include tags.
+     * Returns the count of new content DOM nodes added to the document.
      */
-    public function parse(): string
+    public function parse(): int
     {
-        $doc = new HtmlDocument($this->pageHtml);
-
-        $tags = $this->locateAndIsolateIncludeTags($doc);
+        $nodesAdded = 0;
+        $tags = $this->locateAndIsolateIncludeTags();
 
         foreach ($tags as $tag) {
             $htmlContent = $this->pageContentForId->call($this, $tag->getPageId());
@@ -48,12 +48,14 @@ class PageIncludeParser
                 }
             }
 
-            $this->replaceNodeWithNodes($tag->domNode, $content->toDomNodes());
+            $replacementNodes = $content->toDomNodes();
+            $nodesAdded += count($replacementNodes);
+            $this->replaceNodeWithNodes($tag->domNode, $replacementNodes);
         }
 
         $this->cleanup();
 
-        return $doc->getBodyInnerHtml();
+        return $nodesAdded;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -61,9 +63,9 @@ class PageIncludeParser
      * own nodes in the DOM for future targeted manipulation.
      * @return PageIncludeTag[]
      */
-    protected function locateAndIsolateIncludeTags(HtmlDocument $doc): array
+    protected function locateAndIsolateIncludeTags(): array
     {
-        $includeHosts = $doc->queryXPath("//body//*[text()[contains(., '{{@')]]");
+        $includeHosts = $this->doc->queryXPath("//*[text()[contains(., '{{@')]]");
         $includeTags = [];
 
         /** @var DOMNode $node */
@@ -125,7 +127,7 @@ class PageIncludeParser
 
         foreach ($replacements as $replacement) {
             if ($replacement->ownerDocument !== $targetDoc) {
-                $replacement = $targetDoc->adoptNode($replacement);
+                $replacement = $targetDoc->importNode($replacement, true);
             }
 
             $toReplace->parentNode->insertBefore($replacement, $toReplace);
@@ -190,7 +192,7 @@ class PageIncludeParser
                 return $parent;
             }
 
-            $parent = $parent->parentElement;
+            $parent = $parent->parentNode;
         } while ($parent !== null);
 
         return null;
diff --git a/app/Theming/CustomHtmlHeadContentProvider.php b/app/Theming/CustomHtmlHeadContentProvider.php
index 041e5d025..95d9ff5ad 100644
--- a/app/Theming/CustomHtmlHeadContentProvider.php
+++ b/app/Theming/CustomHtmlHeadContentProvider.php
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class CustomHtmlHeadContentProvider
         $hash = md5($content);
 
         return $this->cache->remember('custom-head-export:' . $hash, 86400, function () use ($content) {
-            return HtmlContentFilter::removeScripts($content);
+            return HtmlContentFilter::removeScriptsFromHtmlString($content);
         });
     }
 
diff --git a/app/Util/HtmlContentFilter.php b/app/Util/HtmlContentFilter.php
index 2dbb34086..758591729 100644
--- a/app/Util/HtmlContentFilter.php
+++ b/app/Util/HtmlContentFilter.php
@@ -9,16 +9,10 @@ use DOMNodeList;
 class HtmlContentFilter
 {
     /**
-     * Remove all the script elements from the given HTML.
+     * Remove all the script elements from the given HTML document.
      */
-    public static function removeScripts(string $html): string
+    public static function removeScriptsFromDocument(HtmlDocument $doc)
     {
-        if (empty($html)) {
-            return $html;
-        }
-
-        $doc = new HtmlDocument($html);
-
         // Remove standard script tags
         $scriptElems = $doc->queryXPath('//script');
         static::removeNodes($scriptElems);
@@ -53,6 +47,19 @@ class HtmlContentFilter
         // Remove 'on*' attributes
         $onAttributes = $doc->queryXPath('//@*[starts-with(name(), \'on\')]');
         static::removeAttributes($onAttributes);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Remove scripts from the given HTML string.
+     */
+    public static function removeScriptsFromHtmlString(string $html): string
+    {
+        if (empty($html)) {
+            return $html;
+        }
+
+        $doc = new HtmlDocument($html);
+        static::removeScriptsFromDocument($doc);
 
         return $doc->getBodyInnerHtml();
     }
diff --git a/tests/Entity/PageContentTest.php b/tests/Entity/PageContentTest.php
index d8845fe12..5b46c08a3 100644
--- a/tests/Entity/PageContentTest.php
+++ b/tests/Entity/PageContentTest.php
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use Tests\TestCase;
 
 class PageContentTest extends TestCase
 {
-    protected $base64Jpeg = '/9j/2wBDAAMCAgICAgMCAgIDAwMDBAYEBAQEBAgGBgUGCQgKCgkICQkKDA8MCgsOCwkJDRENDg8QEBEQCgwSExIQEw8QEBD/yQALCAABAAEBAREA/8wABgAQEAX/2gAIAQEAAD8A0s8g/9k=';
+    protected string $base64Jpeg = '/9j/2wBDAAMCAgICAgMCAgIDAwMDBAYEBAQEBAgGBgUGCQgKCgkICQkKDA8MCgsOCwkJDRENDg8QEBEQCgwSExIQEw8QEBD/yQALCAABAAEBAREA/8wABgAQEAX/2gAIAQEAAD8A0s8g/9k=';
 
     public function test_page_includes()
     {
@@ -57,38 +57,6 @@ class PageContentTest extends TestCase
         $this->assertEquals('', $page->text);
     }
 
-    public function test_page_includes_do_not_break_tables()
-    {
-        $page = $this->entities->page();
-        $secondPage = $this->entities->page();
-
-        $content = '<table id="table"><tbody><tr><td>test</td></tr></tbody></table>';
-        $secondPage->html = $content;
-        $secondPage->save();
-
-        $page->html = "{{@{$secondPage->id}#table}}";
-        $page->save();
-
-        $pageResp = $this->asEditor()->get($page->getUrl());
-        $pageResp->assertSee($content, false);
-    }
-
-    public function test_page_includes_do_not_break_code()
-    {
-        $page = $this->entities->page();
-        $secondPage = $this->entities->page();
-
-        $content = '<pre id="bkmrk-code"><code>var cat = null;</code></pre>';
-        $secondPage->html = $content;
-        $secondPage->save();
-
-        $page->html = "{{@{$secondPage->id}#bkmrk-code}}";
-        $page->save();
-
-        $pageResp = $this->asEditor()->get($page->getUrl());
-        $pageResp->assertSee($content, false);
-    }
-
     public function test_page_includes_rendered_on_book_export()
     {
         $page = $this->entities->page();
diff --git a/tests/Unit/PageIncludeParserTest.php b/tests/Unit/PageIncludeParserTest.php
index ee7a64344..c4c127626 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/PageIncludeParserTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/PageIncludeParserTest.php
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 namespace Tests\Unit;
 
 use BookStack\Entities\Tools\PageIncludeParser;
+use BookStack\Util\HtmlDocument;
 use Tests\TestCase;
 
 class PageIncludeParserTest extends TestCase
@@ -214,13 +215,14 @@ class PageIncludeParserTest extends TestCase
         );
     }
 
-    protected function runParserTest(string $html, array $contentById, string $expected)
+    protected function runParserTest(string $html, array $contentById, string $expected): void
     {
-        $parser = new PageIncludeParser($html, function (int $id) use ($contentById) {
+        $doc = new HtmlDocument($html);
+        $parser = new PageIncludeParser($doc, function (int $id) use ($contentById) {
             return $contentById[strval($id)] ?? '';
         });
 
-        $result = $parser->parse();
-        $this->assertEquals($expected, $result);
+        $parser->parse();
+        $this->assertEquals($expected, $doc->getBodyInnerHtml());
     }
 }